Salmonella Enteritidis Control in Mature Laying Hens Through Dry Fed Parietal Yeast Fraction or Bacillus Blend Probiotic

John Connor Padgett,Paul Thomas Price,James Allen Byrd,Christopher Anthony Bailey

doi:10.11648/j.ijast.20210501.11

John Connor Padgett, Paul Thomas Price + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20210501.11

Copy DOI

Abstract

With food safety continuing to be a concern for both consumers and producers, especially when considering Salmonella, alternative control methods must be studied intensively to fully understand their effects in live poultry. To further understand the abilities of parietal yeast fractions and bacillus probiotics to each impact food safety, a study on mature laying hens was undertaken. 48 hens were obtained from a commercial production flock at 75 weeks of age and were transferred to the USDA ARS facility in College Station, TX. The hens were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, and fed either a mash corn soy control diet (CON), a corn soy mash diet plus parietal yeast fration composed of a minimum of 20% mannan and 20% beta 1,3 1,6 glucans (YF), or a corn soy mash diet plus a three-strain bacillus probiotic (3B). After 3 weeks of receiving dietary treatment, all birds were orally challenged with 6.6 x 10<sup>9</sup> CFU of Salmonella Enteritidis. One week after being challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis, birds were humanely euthanized, and ovary and cecal contents were removed and direct plated for both prevalence and enumeration. After plating cecal contents, a significant reduction of 1.26 log10 was observed from the CON to YF (p=0.03) and a 1.08 log10 reduction was observed from CON to 3B (p=0.04). Prevalence of ovaries was not significantly different, but numerically CON samples were 50% positive, while YF and 3B were 25% and 13% positive respectively. Prevalence in the ceca was not significantly different, but numerically CON samples were 75% positive, while YF and 3B were 44% and 53% respectively. While neither ovary or ceca prevalence were significantly reduced in this experiment with the inclusion of either treatment, both the YF and 3B treatment significantly reduced colonization of Salmonella Enteritidis in the ceca, indicating that both treatments possess excellent potential as food safety interventions against S. Enteritidis in the egg supply chain.

Highlights

Salmonellosis is one of the leading causes of food poisoning in the United States and is responsible for over 26,500 hospitalizations & over 400 deaths annually [1]
The bacteria are flagellated, containing O, H, or Vi antigens which can be detected by the immune system
The second batch was supplemented with a parietal yeast fraction (YF) composed of a minimum 20% mannan and 20% beta 1,3 1,6 glucans at 500ppm

Summary

Introduction

Salmonellosis is one of the leading causes of food poisoning in the United States and is responsible for over 26,500 hospitalizations & over 400 deaths annually [1]. The bacteria are flagellated, containing O, H, or Vi antigens which can be detected by the immune system Their ability to pass through the acidic environment of the GI tract allows them to invade both mucosa and epithelial cells. As most Salmonella is ingested orally, the defenses in place to mitigate colonization can include the peristalsis motility of the intestine, the gastric acid level of the stomach, and the competing microflora of the intestine. It is when an environment such as the microflora becomes disrupted that infection occurs through proliferation and increased colonization [6, 7]

Methods

Results

Conclusion