Abstract
With so much emphasis at medical meetings and in journals on the rheumatic or "collagen" disorders, it should not be forgotten that some kinds of arthritis have a specific bacterial etiology. Several communications have appeared recently which discuss septic arthritis<sup>1</sup>and serve to emphasize the importance of culturing joint fluid whenever an effusion is available and the diagnosis is uncertain. A review of arthritis due to Salmonella appears in the current issue of<i>Medicine</i>.<sup>2</sup>The case report illustrates how closely Salmonella arthritis may simulate, in a child, rheumatic fever or rheumatoid arthritis. The author of the communication notes that such cases may be encountered more often, with the current rise in incidence of nontyphoid salmonellosis. This review of 84 published cases of Salmonella arthritis (spondylitis was excluded) reveals that arthritis occurs in about 0.25% of all Salmonella infections. However, arthritis occurs more frequently (2.4%) in S. choleraesuis infections.
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