Abstract
The NASA promise to long-duration space flight includes astronauts who will be returning to the moon as well as those who will take part in human missions to Mars. Successful exploration will require a better understanding of the effects that extended missions pose for the behavioral health of astronauts, not just during flight but also pre and post-flight. The potential for psychiatric disorders developing in long-duration crews during or after missions requires that consideration be given to prevention and treatment .The objective of this study was to validate a ground-based models (Two bed rest conditions such as 6° head-down tilt (HDT) and bed rest position (HB) for microgravity and zero gravity and to study the effects of simulated condition on depression, mood state, back pain and biochemical stress markers. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of 20-day HDT & HB on psychic stress, depression, mood-state, backache and headache in 10 healthy male volunteers. Psychological state was assessed by a stress test, mood state and cortisol was measured in saliva. During HDT and HB, all volunteers developed psychic stress, and the diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion was significantly increased in simulated conditions. In addition, urine excretion of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine were significantly increased. Thus 6° HDT & HB appears to be a valid model to induce psychic stress and neuroendocrine-related changes that could also be encountered by astronauts and marsonaunts during long-duration spaceflights.
Highlights
The development of technology has taken the forefront in our efforts to sustain life underwater, in the air, in outer space, and in complex technological environments
Twenty-four-hour urine secretion of epinephrine, dopamine and nor epinephrine were significantly increased in both bed rest conditions
Inventory scores for all subjects were 0 before both bed rest conditions, while; during rest conditions scores were higher than subjects in normal condition (p
Summary
The development of technology has taken the forefront in our efforts to sustain life underwater, in the air, in outer space, and in complex technological environments The achievement of these technological and engineering feats provided an awareness of the physiological and biomedical stressors associated with operating in these environments. The development of biomedical and physiological countermeasures was undertaken in an effort to begin overcoming these stressors These countermeasures allow us to sustain human presence in flight for increasing periods as well as to participate in increasingly complex and lengthy missions [2]. Crews must undergo the stress associated with re-adapting to the 1-g environment on return journey to Earth These physiological factors are a significant concern for a human mission to Mars. There are very few studies on the correlation of Depression, Mood State, Back Pain and biochemical stress markers in simulating microgravity
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