Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the profiles of saliva between sexes, age groups, types of systemic disease, medications, and xerostomia on an elderly population in Depok.Methods: The study was observational analytical with a cross-sectional study design. Sampling was through a consecutive sampling technique in subjects aged ≥60 years living in Depok. Subjects were examined for their saliva’s volume, stimulated and unstimulated salivary analysis, pH, and buffer capacity. Subjects answered fox questionnaires about xerostomia and questionnaires about systemic diseases and medications.Results: Gender had a significant difference in salivary flow rate but was not significant to pH or buffer capacity. There were no significant differences between types of salivary profile among age, systemic diseases, and medications. The correlation coefficient between xerostomia and stimulated flow rate was higher (0.426) than the unstimulated flow rate (0.303).Conclusion: The unstimulated and stimulated flow rates exhibited a significant difference between men and women but did not differ significantly between age groups, systemic diseases, or medications. The pH and buffer capacity was not significantly different between sexes, age groups, type of systemic diseases, or medications. Xerostomia was associated with salivary flow rate.
Highlights
There is an upward trend in the size of the elderly population in Depok, West Java
The test result showed a significant difference in salivary flow rates between men and women (p>0.05), but there was no significant differences in pH and buffer capacity (Table 1)
The comparative Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze the salivary profiles in three age groups
Summary
There is an upward trend in the size of the elderly population in Depok, West Java. In 2014, the number of elderly residents in this city was 105,933 with the largest age group between 60 and 64 years old [1]. The aging process has directly and indirectly caused these groups to have increased susceptibility to diseases in the oral cavity. The prevalence of dental and oral diseases in Depok in 2013 was 17.11, with a higher prevalence existing in many subdistricts such as Sukmajaya, Bojongsari, Cimanggis, Cinere, Cilodong, and Beji [3]. Poor oral health conditions can become the focus of systemic infections or worsen existing health conditions. Systemic disease and its medication can manifest itself in the oral cavity, one of the symptoms being changes in the quality and quantity of saliva [2]. Examination of the quality and quantity of saliva is very important because salivary condition is a risk factor of various dental and oral diseases. Until now, there has been no research on oral health held in Depok with elderly subjects
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