Abstract
ObjectiveTo assess and compare salivary periodontopathic bacteria between groups of Down syndrome and non-Down syndrome children and adolescents.Materials and MethodsThis study included a sample of 30 Down syndrome children and adolescents (G-DS) and 30 age- and sex-matched non-Down syndrome subjects (G-ND). Clinical examination determined the gingival bleeding index (GBI) and plaque index. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from all participants. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique identified the presence and density of eight periodontopathic bacteria in saliva. The statistical analysis included chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests.ResultsIn the G-DS group, bleeding on probing was more frequent (p = 0.037) and higher densities of Campylobacter rectus (p = 0.013), Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.025), Treponema denticola (p = 0.026), Fusobacterium nucleatum (p = 0.013), Prevotella intermedia (p = 0.001) and Prevotella nigrescens (p = 0.008) were observed. Besides, in the G-DS, the densities of bacteria from the orange complex were significantly higher in the age group 3–7 years for F. nucleatum (p = 0.029), P. intermedia (p = 0.001) and P. nigrescens (p = 0.006). C. rectus was higher in the age group 8–12 years (p = 0.045).ConclusionThe results showed that children and adolescents with Down syndrome have higher susceptibility to periodontal disease and number of periodontopathic bacteria.
Highlights
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that results from a trisomy on chromosome 21 and is present in approximately 1 in 600 to 1 in 1,000 live births [1]
In the G-DS, the densities of bacteria from the orange complex were significantly higher in the age group 3–7 years for F. nucleatum (p = 0.029), P. intermedia (p = 0.001) and P. nigrescens (p = 0.006)
The results showed that children and adolescents with Down syndrome have higher susceptibility to periodontal disease and number of periodontopathic bacteria
Summary
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that results from a trisomy on chromosome 21 and is present in approximately 1 in 600 to 1 in 1,000 live births [1]. Some of the major periodontopathic bacteria found in the gingival sulcus include Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella nigrescens; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Treponema denticola; Campylobacter rectus; Prevotella intermedia; and Tannerella forsythia [8,9,10]. The orange complex, made up of F. nucleatum, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens and C. rectus, and the red complex, composed of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and T. denticola, are the main etiologic agents of periodontal disease responsible for chronic periodontitis. The presence of these microorganisms is associated with the occurrence of bleeding during probing and other clinical manifestations of periodontal disease [11]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
