Salivary Nitro-Oxidative Stress and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Chronic Kidney Disease with Periodontitis

Abstract

Between chronic kidney disease and chronic periodontitis there is bilateral relationship. The aim of the study was to assess the salivary nitro-oxidative stress and matrix metallopeoteinase-9 in chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease with chronic periodontitis. Eligible participants were categorized into three categories: healthy controls, chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease with chronic periodontitis. Periodontal status was assessed using probing depths, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level loss. The chronic kidney disease was diagnosed using the level of estimated glomerular filtration rate. From the saliva were assessed nitro-oxidative stress biomarkers (total nitrites and nitrates, total oxidative status, total antioxidant reactivity, and oxidative stress index) and matrix metallopeoteinase-9. In both disease groups there was a significant increase in saliva nitro-oxidative stress due to an increased nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species formation (p 0.05) and a concomitant increase of matrix metallopeoteinase-9 (p 0.05) when the intergroup comparison were made among the chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease with chronic periodontitis. Conclusions: Saliva nitro-oxidative stress markers and matrix metallopeoteinase-9 may be useful tests for pathogenetic and prognostic diagnosis in chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease with chronic periodontitis.