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Abstract
The mutation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) can modify the physical and chemical properties of saliva, which in turn can affect the oral microflora and oral health in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of the study was to examine oral health status, salivary properties, and total oral bacteria count in CF adults. Dental status was assessed using the decayed missing filled surfaces (DMF-S) index, and oral clearness using the approximal plaque index (API). The Saliva-Check BUFFER test was used to assess saliva, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test to determine the total oral bacteria count. CF patients in comparison to healthy controls showed a higher level of examined clinical indices, higher total oral bacteria count, lower salivary flow rate, lower salivary pH, and increased viscosity. Conclusions: In CF patients, saliva properties, accompanied by insufficient dental care, might be an essential dental caries risk factor. In CF patients, among the etiological factors for dental caries, the bacterial agent seems to be less significant. The frequent and long-term infectious pharmacotherapy can probably explain that. A great deal of the information collected on the oral environment in CF patients, which has helped us understand the etiological conditions for inflammation and infection in this area of the body, indicates that proper dental care can mostly counteract these pathologies.
Highlights
The natural environment of the oral cavity and the most important factor affecting the maintenance of oral homoeostasis is saliva
The statistical analysis indicated that the cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, in comparison with the healthy people, had a significantly higher value of the decayed missing filled surfaces (DMF-S) index, a higher number of tooth surfaces with active caries, and a higher number of teeth extracted due to caries
A significant difference was noted in the percent of the tooth surfaces covered with dental bacterial plaque
Summary
The natural environment of the oral cavity and the most important factor affecting the maintenance of oral homoeostasis is saliva. Saliva coats and lubricates tissues, protects teeth surfaces, and mucous membranes against biological, mechanical, and chemical factors [1,2]. It is the environment of the growth and development of numerous oral microorganisms. Quantity and optimal composition of saliva condition physical and chemical processes, contributing to the maintenance of ecological equilibrium. The interaction between the oral ecosystem and the resistance of host tissues plays a significant role in the etiology of oral diseases [1]. Changes in the microbiological composition may increase the pathogenicity of the oral microbiome
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