Abstract
To analyze the serological, anatomopathological and parasitological results obtained from abortive material in order to detect infections with the risk of vertical transmission, with emphasis on toxoplasmosis. A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of infectoparasitic diseases. A total of 105 women who suffered spontaneous complete or incomplete abortion participated in the study. The women were interviewed, answered a questionnaire and had their blood and abortive material collected. Immunological tests were carried out in order to detect toxoplasmosis, Chagas disease, rubeola, cytomegalovirus and syphilis, and anatomopathological analysis of the ovular remains was performed. 55% of the women studied were 20 to 30 years old. Most of them (68%) presented a gestational age between the 7th and 14th week. 54.3% of the women had complete or incomplete high school education. Serological analysis showed cytomegalovirus (CMV) as the most common vertically transmitted infection with 97.1% positivity, followed by rubeola with 95.2%. Toxoplasmosis showed 54.3% positivity, Chagas disease 1.9% and syphilis 0.95%. Anatomopathological analysis showed inflammation in 63.1% of the cases and absence of inflammation in 34%. The results of the serological, anatomopathological and parasitological analysis of the 105 participants showed that 57 women were T. gondii positive. However, none showed positivity in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or in mouse inoculation. The prevalence of diseases with the risk of vertical transmission is important in women with spontaneous abortion, indicating the need for more research in order to investigate the etiology of abortion.
Highlights
Laboratory analysis of saliva has become an important technique for the assessment of physiological and pathological conditions, mostly due to the origin, composition, and functions of saliva, as well as its interactions with other body systems and structures
Cortisol is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that can be detected in urine, serum, and saliva
Measurement of salivary cortisol levels has been widely used as an alternative to quantitation of this hormone in plasma or serum
Summary
Laboratory analysis of saliva has become an important technique for the assessment of physiological and pathological conditions, mostly due to the origin, composition, and functions of saliva, as well as its interactions with other body systems and structures. Other favorable aspects of saliva testing include painless sampling, ease of storage, and low cost of analysis as compared with blood. These factors have driven extensive research into this testing modality[1,2,3], including validation studies of quantitation of a variety of organic and inorganic compounds in saliva[4]. Measurement of changes in baseline cortisol levels and in cortisol reactivity to stress during pregnancy is important, as high concentrations of cortisol affect fetal development[7,10,11] and may lead to low birth weight[12]
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