Abstract
The rose is one of the most important ornamental plants in the world. However, the cultivation systems used for roses often impose salt stress. Saline conditions occur naturally in some regions or by human activity in others with use of low quality water or excessive fertilizer application. In general, roses are considered sensitive to salinity. However, tolerance levels can be different among roses species and cultivars. Therefore, studies are needed that take into account characteristics of each species and how the exposure to salinity occurs. Management of water and nutrients can be important tools for mitigating the effects of high salt concentrations. Also, advances in biotechnology can be used for a better understanding of the physiological responses to salinity and to develop more salt tolerant rose cultivars. Thus, this paper aims to review the progress made and future prospects of salinity tolerance in commercial rose production.
Highlights
Plants are sessile organisms living in an environment of constant flux
Various abiotic stresses lead to drastic decreases in global agricultural production amounting to an estimated loss of US$ 100 billion per year (PARK and SEO 2015; SHABALA et al, 2016)
When comparing the gene expression in both conditions there are considerable differences between them, since salt shock induces more extreme and faster changes, including plasma membrane damage in the root and ionic stress in shoot cells. Both salt stress and salt shock exhibit an osmotic component and an ionic component that are responsible for the inhibition of plant growth
Summary
Plants are sessile organisms living in an environment of constant flux. They are often exposed to external conditions that can adversely affect their growth and development. When comparing the gene expression in both conditions there are considerable differences between them, since salt shock induces more extreme and faster changes, including plasma membrane damage in the root and ionic stress in shoot cells. Both salt stress and salt shock exhibit an osmotic component and an ionic component that are responsible for the inhibition of plant growth. There are several thousand species and cultivars available in the market that are grown in a variety of environments around the world In these environments, roses are consistently exposed to several adverse conditions, including salt stress. Expanding our knowledge of responses and tolerance levels to salinity in rose species and cultivars is essential to provide consistent yield and quality as salinity increases in agricultural lands around the world
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