Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant hormone that is best known for mediating host responses upon pathogen infection. Its role in plant defense activation is well established, but its biosynthesis in plants is not fully understood. SA is considered to be derived from two possible pathways; the ICS and PAL pathway, both starting from chorismate. The importance of both pathways for biosynthesis differs between plant species, rendering it hard to make generalizations about SA production that cover the entire plant kingdom. Yet, understanding SA biosynthesis is important to gain insight into how plant pathogen responses function and how pathogens can interfere with them. In this review, we have taken a closer look at how SA is synthesized and the importance of both biosynthesis pathways in different plant species.
Highlights
Salicylic acid (SA) was reported to play a role in disease resistance in tobacco plants by White already in 1979 (White, 1979)
Publications often generalize that the ICS pathway is responsible for basal and pathogen-induced SA accumulation in plants, and this is based on data from Arabidopsis (Djamei et al, 2011; Choi et al, 2015; Qi et al, 2018)
While this seems to hold true, at least in part, for Arabidopsis, a general answer for all plant species does not seem that clear-cut
Summary
Edited by: Danièle Werck, CNRS, UPR2357 Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes (IBMP), France. Reviewed by: Thierry Heitz, UPR2357 Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes (IBMP), France Jürgen Zeier, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany. SA is considered to be derived from two possible pathways; the ICS and PAL pathway, both starting from chorismate. The importance of both pathways for biosynthesis differs between plant species, rendering it hard to make generalizations about SA production that cover the entire plant kingdom. We have taken a closer look at how SA is synthesized and the importance of both biosynthesis pathways in different plant species
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