Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is an effective elicitor to increase taxol production in Pestalotiopsis microspora. Addition of SA at the concentration of 300 μM yielded taxol 625.47 μg L-1, 45- fold higher than that of the control. Elicitation of the role of SA in the fungal taxol biosynthetic pathway revealed that SA enhanced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids of P. microspora mycelia. This oxidative process stimulates isoprene biosynthetic pathway by triggering expression of the geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase gene leading to improved biosynthesis of taxol in P. microspora.
Highlights
Paclitaxel is a potent anticancer drug, with a unique mechanism of action [1]
HPLC profiles showed the peak of taxol from the culture extract of P. microspora at a retention time of 2.75 min which is comparable with the standard paclitaxel retention time of 2.77 min (Fig 1A and 1B)
Taxol production significantly enhanced in Salicylic acid (SA) supplemented M1D medium (Table 1)
Summary
Paclitaxel (taxol) is a potent anticancer drug, with a unique mechanism of action [1]. Several alternative methods have been attempted to obtain taxol such as total chemical synthesis [3,4], semisynthesis [5] and plant tissue cell culture [6] These methods have proved inefficient due to various causes including large number of reaction steps, complex extraction methods, expensive procedures, long incubation period, low biomass, meagre yield and genetic instability. For these reasons, microbial sources of taxol production present an attractive alternative because they are simple, productive and inexpensive [1]. Some endophytic fungi possess taxol biosynthetic genes such as geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPPS), taxadiene synthase (TXS), 10-deacetylbaccatin III-10-β-O-
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