Abstract
Abstract. Since June 2012 the Saint Petersburg magnetic observatory is being developed and maintained by two institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) – the Geophysical Center of RAS (GC RAS) and the Saint Petersburg branch of the Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of RAS (IZMIRAN SPb). On 29 April 2016 the application of the Saint Petersburg observatory (IAGA code SPG) for introduction into the INTERMAGNET network was accepted after approval by the experts of the first definitive dataset over 2015, produced by the GC RAS, and on 9 June 2016 the SPG observatory was officially certified. One of the oldest series of magnetic observations, originating in 1834, was resumed in the 21st century, meeting the highest quality standards and all modern technical requirements. In this paper a brief historical and scientific background of the SPG observatory foundation and development is given, the stages of its renovation and upgrade in the 21st century are described, and information on its current state is provided. The first results of the observatory functioning are discussed and geomagnetic variations registered at the SPG observatory are assessed and compared with geomagnetic data from the INTERMAGNET observatories located in the same region.
Highlights
Where Fs is the survey magnetic recording, Fb is the base magnetometer recording, and the time moment of a survey data recording ts (i) and the one of a base magnetometer recording tb (j ) produce the minimum of the difference |ts (i) − tb (j )|
The results of the survey showed that the area of the Krasnoe Ozero station was suitable for the installation of the INTERMAGNET-standard equipment for registering the total magnetic field and its variations and for carrying out absolute measurements
The horizontal components of the total field vector are commonly the most affected by magnetic disturbances, so in this paper we demonstrate the comparison plots only for the X component as the most illustrative
Summary
First observations of the Earth’s magnetic field elements and their variations in the vicinity of Saint Petersburg date back to 1726. After the Saint Petersburg Main Physical Observatory became the part of the Academy of Sciences, the prominent Russian physicist, chemist, and metrologist Adolph Theodor Kupffer introduced a project of establishing a magnetic and meteorological observatory located outside the city in 1865 This plan was implemented in 1876– 1878, and in 1878 the Pavlovsk observatory started functioning on a regular basis. In the late 1960s a magnetic station Krasnoe Ozero (literally, the Red Lake) was established in the Vyborg district of the Leningrad Region, 100 km northwest of the city of Leningrad (currently Saint Petersburg) and 89 km southeast of the city of Vyborg (Fig. 1) This station initially was the branch of the Voeikovo observatory.
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