Abstract
Athletes have higher thoracic and lumbar curvature in standing than the reference values of the non-athletic population. The sagittal integral morphotype method (SIM) assessment has not previously been applied to competitive amateur athletes (CAA). The propose of the present study was to determine the SIM of CAA treated at a sports-medicine center and to identify spinal misalignments associated with recurrent low back pain (LBP). An observational analysis was developed to describe the SIM in 94 CAA. The thoracic and lumbar curvatures of the CAA were measured in standing, sitting, and trunk forward flexion. Association analysis (Pearson’s chi-square and Cramér’s V tests) was then performed to identify the SIM misalignments associated with LBP. Effect size was analyzed based on Hedges’ g. The most common thoracic SIMs in CAA were total hyperkyphosis (male = 59.02%; female = 42.42%) and static hyperkyphosis (male = 11.48%; female = 6.06%). Hyperlordotic attitude (female = 30.30%; male = 4.92%), static-functional hyperkyphosis (male = 16.39%; female = 3.03%), and structured hyperlordosis (female = 21.21%; male = 1.64%) were the most common lumbar SIMs. Hyperlordotic attitude, static functional lumbar hyperkyphosis, and structured hyperlordosis were associated with LBP in male and female athletes.
Highlights
Accepted: 29 July 2021The sagittal thoracic and lumbar curvatures should maintain a normal range of degrees to allow for optimal static and dynamic balance, as well as proper muscle activity and body weight distribution [1,2]
After interpreting the results of the curvatures assessed in each position (Table 2), thoracic hyperkyphosis was observed in the three positions in a range from 54.55% to 81.97% of the participants
Female competitive amateur athletes (CAA) showed a higher percentage of hyperkyphosis in the relaxed standing position (51.52% vs. 5.89%) and hypokyphosis in the maximum trunk forward flexion position (21.2% vs. 6.56%) than male CAA, and male
Summary
Accepted: 29 July 2021The sagittal thoracic and lumbar curvatures should maintain a normal range of degrees to allow for optimal static and dynamic balance, as well as proper muscle activity and body weight distribution [1,2]. The degree of curvatures differs between sports In this regard, the thoracic curvature of adult volleyball players [12], adolescent basketball players [13], adolescent rhythmic gymnasts [14], and the lumbar curvature of adolescent volleyball players [7] and adolescent rhythmic gymnasts [14], are significantly flatter than reported in the above studies. The thoracic curvature of adult volleyball players [12], adolescent basketball players [13], adolescent rhythmic gymnasts [14], and the lumbar curvature of adolescent volleyball players [7] and adolescent rhythmic gymnasts [14], are significantly flatter than reported in the above studies
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