Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Repeat-Dose Injections of IncobotulinumtoxinA in the Treatment of Upper Facial Lines: Results from a Prospective, Open-Label, Phase III Study

Abstract

In aesthetic practice, wrinkles in the upper face are commonly treated with repeat-dose injections. The objective of this study was to investigate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of repeat-dose injections of incobotulinumtoxinA in the combined treatment of moder-ate to severe upper facial lines (UFL) [glabellar frown lines (GFL), horizontal forehead lines (HFL), and lateral periorbital lines (LPL)]. Healthy subjects (≥18 years) with moderate to severe GFL, HFL, and LPL on the Merz Aesthetics Scales (MAS) at maximum contrac-tion were administered 54 to 64 U of incobotulinumtoxinA (GFL, 20 U; HFL, 10 to 20 U; LPL, 24 U) in up to four, 120-day treatment cycles. Adverse events (AE) were recorded for each cycle until 120 ± 7 days after treatment. Investigator-assessed MAS scores were evaluated for each treated area at maximum contraction on day 30 [responder = score of “none” (0) or “mild” (1)]. Subject-assessed scores for overall appearance of the upper face of “much improved” or “very much improved” were noted at day 30 of each treatment cycle on the Global Impression of Change Scale (GICS). Overall, 140 subjects were treated, and 125 subjects completed the study. Mean injected units per injection cycle ranged from 56.3 U to 57.7 U. During the four-cycle study period 17.1% of total treated subjects experienced a treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE). TEAEs of special interest were documented for 9 subjects (6.4%), in 6 of these subjects (4.3%) the TEAEs were related to treatment. No clinically significant mean changes in laboratory and vital-sign values were observed from screening to final-treatment visit. Over the study interval, a response rate of > 80% on the investigator-assessed MAS was reported for all treated areas except HFL. Greater than 80% of subjects in cycles 1, 3, and 4 and 78.5% of subjects in cycle 2 reported ratings of “much improved” or “very much improved” on the GICS for the overall appearance of the upper face. Incobotu-linumtoxinA for the repeat-dose treatment of UFL is safe and well tolerated with a stable safety profile, without new formation of neutralizing antibodies and has excellent efficacy during prolonged administration. J Drugs Dermatol. 2020;19(5):461-469. doi:10.36849/JDD.2020.5013.