Abstract
The increasing problems brought about by high concentrations of people and industry in Japan's larger cities has created an urgent need to solve needs for space by developing space more than 50 m below the ground surface. The Agency of Industrial Science and Technology of the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) is developing an underground space project involving the construction of a dome 50 m below the earth's surface. The authors discuss environmental problems posed by large-scale, deep underground space construction, and safety measures and disaster prevention in developed underground spaces. They also address the need for psychological studies as they relate to the development of deep space. The paper concludes with a description of the MITI project, including testing and monitoring to be performed prior to and following construction of the dome, and key technologies that must be developed in order to ensure safety of the space created. Les problèmes croissants causés par une important concentration de population et d'industries dans les plus grandes villes du Japon ont crée un besoin urgent de répondre aux demandes d'espace en développant des structures à plus de 50 m sous la surface du sol. L'Agence pour les Sciences et Technologies Industrielles du Ministère Japonais du Commerce Extérieur et de l'Industrie (MITI) développe un projet d'Espace Souterrain incluant la construction d'un dôme à 50 m sous la surface du sol. Les auteurs examinent les problèmes environnementaux posés par la construction à grande échelle de structures souterraines profondes, et les mesures de sécurité et de prévention des catastrophes dans les locaux souterrains occupés. Ils souligment également le besoin d'études psychologiques relatives à l'occupation des locaux souterrains. L'article se conclut par la description du projet MITI, comprenenat les tests et contrôles devant être effectués avant et après la phase de construction du dôme, ainsi que les technologies clef à mettre en oeuvre de façon à assurer la sécurité de l'espace construit.
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