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Abstract
Glass is largely used in buildings, in the form of an innovative and versatile material. Both for novel and existing constructions, secondary glass systems are frequently realized to interact with primary components of different materials. In most cases, the structural challenge deriving from the intrinsic brittleness and vulnerability of glass is efficiently controlled via laminated (LG) multi-layer sections. However, further potential risks for people should be properly minimized, like for example, in the presence of extreme loads. This is the case of seismic regions, where dedicated calculation methods are required to accommodate displacement and resistance demands, but design specifications are rarely provided by existing standards for earthquake resistant buildings. Even more attention is needed for frameless glass systems in which the bracing members (i.e., continuous frames, cable-nets, etc.) are reduced to a minimum, in favour of metal point connections (i.e., bolts and mechanical fixings, friction clamps, etc.). This paper aims at discussing the current design requirements for the seismic performance assessment of these relatively simple but challenging structural solutions, with careful consideration for the Italian scenario, where a practical support for design can be found in the CNR-DT 210/2013 technical document. Based on a case-study system, major issues, open questions and uncertainties or critical aspects for the seismic analysis and design of secondary frameless glass assemblies are thus emphasized.
Highlights
Glass is increasingly used in buildings and constructed facilities
Typical applications can be found in the form of curtain walls, innovative “adaptive” facades or even load-bearing members, shear walls intended to contribute to the structural performance of the building they belong to or complex stand-alone systems
From a practical point of view, within a Limit State Design (LSD) approach, it is well known that seismic-resistant structures must offer adequate safety and serviceability capacities in operational conditions, namely represented by: (1) A limited probability of collapse at the Ultimate Limit State (ULS), and
Summary
Glass is increasingly used in buildings and constructed facilities. Given the intrinsic mechanical features of glass in buildings (and its combination with other constructional materials), dedicated design methods are required for ordinary loads, and even more to withstand extreme events like earthquakes [3,4,5]. (1) A limited probability of collapse at the Ultimate Limit State (ULS), and (2) An appropriate accommodation of displacements, at the Serviceability Limit State (SLS). In such a scenario, the typical need of robustness, redundancy, and ductility of glass structures are further enforced [6,7].
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