Abstract
In the era of rapidly changing market and consumer needs, there are dynamic changes in the services offered. This also applies to the car fleet market. Currently, the approach to owning a vehicle is changing to other forms such as rental or subscription. Different types of funding are conducive to changes in the fleet management industry. More and more sophisticated services are offered for corporate clients, but also private customers. In the context of these changes, the approach to different aspects of vehicle use is also clarified, including what has been noticeable in recent years, increased interest in road safety, environmental issues and most importantly costs of use and possession of the vehicle. This puts high demands on fleet managers who sustainably need to match the structure of their fleets to the needs and capabilities of their customers while taking into account safety and ecology issues. This is a complicated task that requires decision-making assistance. This article addresses the support of the fleet manager decision, taking into account the sustainable management model. The article aimed to develop a model that takes into account the aspects of safety and ecology from the operator-financier the point of view. The result of the article is to provide a decision-making tool for the selection of vehicles and drivers, taking into account their characteristics to accomplish their tasks. The work presents the problem of fleet management, shows the characteristics of different forms of financing and the impact of market trends on the current approach to these problems. The analysis of safety aspects to the possibility of using different methods affecting its level was then presented. Another element of the article is a mathematical model of the problem of resources assignment for tasks. The developed model is universal and can be used for evaluation and optimisation. To this end, the function of the criterion has been formulated, taking into account the aspects of safety, ecology and financial aspects. It also takes into account the randomness of adverse events and the duration of the remaining appropriations in the out-of-order state. This Model can be used for the risk assessment of the driving staff. The developed model was implemented in the Flexsim environment for a computational example for a trading company. Computational experiments have indicated the correctness of the model and its high application potential, as well as further directions of model development to support complex management processes carried out by fleet managers.
Highlights
Planning and organising the travel of employees and, above all, optimising operational activities is complicated and difficult task
In each company clear rules should be laid down governing the use of official vehicles, avoiding many unwanted events and facilitating the execution of settlements
This article addresses the issues of sustainable management of the car fleet, taking into account safety
Summary
Planning and organising the travel of employees and, above all, optimising operational activities is complicated and difficult task. Some of the areas in transport are well-researched, there are a lot of developed models taking into account different points of view and methods of decision support, e.g. Travelling Salesmen problem, Shortest Path, Vehicle Routing problem, Location problem, Inventory Management. Managing the fleet of passenger vehicles, taking into account current market trends, is often overlooked in mathematical models and decision support methods, and is only considered conceptually (Bielli et al, 2011; Szczepański et al, 2018). In each company (where fleet management is in place) clear rules should be laid down governing the use of official vehicles, avoiding many unwanted events and facilitating the execution of settlements Such aspects are addressed by the fleet policy, which focuses on many elements from different departments such AS HR, administration or accounting department (Gospodarek, 2017; Oliveira, 2018). The work was completed with a summary and indication of the direction of further studies
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