Safety evaluation of synthesized magnesium carbonate hydrate particles following inhalation exposure

Abstract

Numerous fine particles or mist from environmental substances significantly contribute to human beings, affecting health issues for both humans and the environment by irritating the respiratory system. To achieve scarcity of information regarding exposure routes and the relationship between substance and health effects needs to be investigated more. Here, we investigated flame retardants (FRs): magnesium carbonate was synthesized, and its inhalation toxicity was examined for the first time by applying it to Sprague-Dawley rats using a mist aerosol-supplying chamber condition. The synthesized magnesium carbonate was fully physiochemically characterized, exhibiting a mesoporous sheet-like morphology, size distribution of 4.971 ± 2.363 μm, the dypingite phase, a surface area of 10.718 m² g−1, and a pore volume of 0.051 cm³ g−1. As a result of the inhalation toxicity study, the 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of magnesium carbonate was determined to be equal to or greater than 1.91 mg m−3. Microscopic examination for assessing pulmonary residue levels of magnesium carbonate reveals the presence of residues in the lungs up to 3 days post-administration. However, over time, there is a gradual decrease of pulmonary residues, and by the 14th day of administration, it is regarded that no residual presence is observable within the pulmonary system.