Abstract
This study aimed to assess the acute toxicity and safety of flavonoid-rich extract from Maydis stigma (FMS) in mice. The in vitro antioxidant activity of FMS was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) scavenging assays. Furthermore, the in vivo antioxidant of FMS against ethanol-induced oxidative damage in mice was determined by analysis of the serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, liver tissue glutathione (GSH) content, and protein carbonyl (PC) content in liver tissue. The oral administration of FMS at doses of 30 g/kg did not cause death in mice, and there were no significant biologically adverse effects in mice. These results indicated that the median lethal dose (LD50) is higher than this dose. The IC50 values of FMS for the DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity were 50.73 and 0.23 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, FMS could significantly enhance T-SOD activity, reduce MDA content in the serum, increase GSH content, and decrease PC content in the liver tissue at the tested doses (25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg·day). These results indicate that FMS can be generally regarded as safe and used potentially as a bioactive source of natural antioxidants.
Highlights
Maize is the world’s third most widely grown crop [1], which has been used as food and animal feed for thousands of years, and as industrial material for producing starches, oils, and ethanol [2]
These results show that from Maydis stigma (FMS) prevents ethanol-induced total superoxide dismutase (T-Superoxide dismutase (SOD)) depletion and MDA increment in a dose-dependent manner
The serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, liver tissue glutathione (GSH) content, and protein carbonyl (PC) content in tissue supernatants were chosen as indices to observe the influence of FMS on the antioxidant ability of ethanol oxidation to damage model mice
Summary
Maize is the world’s third most widely grown crop [1], which has been used as food and animal feed for thousands of years, and as industrial material for producing starches, oils, and ethanol [2]. It has been reported that the potential pharmacological activities of Maydis stigma are related to the bioactive constituents of the plant such as flavonoids [14]. Vitro antioxidaTnhteaacitmiviotyf ,tahnisdstiundvyivios atonteiovxaliudaatnettahcetiavciutyteintoxmiciictey., safety, and antioxidant activity of the flavonoids extracted from M. stigma (FMS) by the following tests of oral acute toxicity in mice, in vitro 2. DThyewreesiuglhtst sahnodwfeodotdhacto, ncosmumpaprteidontootfhemcaolnetraonldgrfoeumpa, ltehemreicweearet anodsoisgeniofifc3an0tge/ffkegct.s of FMS on body weight and food consumption of male and female mice at a dose of 30 g/kg. There were no obvious pathological changes in the main organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, thymus, brain, bladder, uterus, testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle) of male and female mice at a dose of 30 g/kg.
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