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Abstract
Food is a special good. It is special because of its place in the world economy and a set of products setting the latest trends in the economy. Nowadays, more and more attention is paid not only to food supply and availability but also to its quality and adulteration. It results, above all, from the more and more common phenomenon of food adulteration on a global scale. The phenomenon being a consequence of, first of all, liberalization of commodity exchange and development of food trade (Kowalczyk 2009), generally, therefore, a consequence of progressing globalization (Kowalczyk 2014). For these reasons, the problem of food safety and quality becomes an essential topic of consideration both at the national, regional (e.g. European Union - EU) and global (Codex Alimentarius) level. The aim of this article was to assess the level of quality and food safety in Poland during the last several years. Formation of quality and food safety requires precise control, which is possible thanks to the creation of quality and food safety management systems. These systems concern the control of food at all stages of its production, i.e. from the producer to the consumer. The analysis showed that it is difficult to assess unequivocally the level of food quality and safety in Poland. The study was based on the analysis of literature on the analyzed subject, including numerous, selected reports and post-inspection reports of various organizations studying the quality and safety of food in Poland. The level of food safety on the Polish market is good and comparable to other EU countries. However, it is not free from irregularities that may periodically increase. Minimizing these threats is possible, among others, by consistent controls, promotion of participation in voluntary quality systems and high requirements in terms of quality standards.
Highlights
In the modern world, the concept of quality is becoming more and more important, especially in the area of food and its broadly understood safety
Summary Food safety and quality are becoming increasingly significant areas of interest for both practice and science. This is a consequence of the globalization of economic processes, including the food chain
Safe and nutritionally adequate food is crucial for the life and good health of consumers
Summary
The concept of quality is becoming more and more important, especially in the area of food and its broadly understood safety. The Polish Food and Nutrition Safety Act defines food safety as «the totality of conditions that must be met, concerning in particular: additives and flavourings used, levels of contaminants, pesticide residues, conditions of food irradiation, organoleptic characteristics and actions that must be taken at all stages of food production or marketing – to ensure human health and life» (Journal of Laws, 2006, No 171). Food quality and safety, according to the authors, is a consequence of «unintentional» activity (unintentional) activities of market actors in the final effects of food products (Spink and Moyer 2011), while food fraud and food security mean taking intentional actions in these areas (to adulterate food or even poison it)
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