Safety and Efficacy of Stereotaxic Surgery Combined with Urokinase in the Treatment of Ventricular Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Propensity-Matched Score Analysis

Abstract

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a severe and devastating stroke. Research on existing treatment options has been controversial. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of minimally implanted stereotactic puncture combined with urokinase (uPA) in the treatment of IVH. The clinical data of 122 IVH patients admitted to our department from 2018 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the modified RanKin score (mRS) after 30days, the patients were divided into good prognosis (mRS 0-3) and poor prognosis (mRS 4-6), and the factors affecting the prognosis were screened by univariate and multivariate analysis, and then the tendency Score matching and paired patient screening were performed for comparative analysis between uPA and non-uPA groups. Patients' age, uPA usage, initial Glasgow Coma Scale and primary blood volume all could affect the mRS score of patients. One hundred patients were finally included, including 50 cases in the uPA group and 50 cases in the non-uPA group. The analysis showed that at follow-up after 30days, 46.0% of the patients in the uPA group and 28.0% in the non-uPA group had an mRS score of 0-3; however, they were not statistically significantly different. The postoperative hematoma clearance rate in the uPA group was significantly higher than that in the non-uPA group (P<0.001), and the incidence of postoperative complications was not increased (P>0.05). uPA treatment can improve the treatment efficiency. However, its effect in improving patient outcomes does not appear to be significant.