Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the safety and availability of railway signalling systems using Markov models. Since a failure of the signalling systems still allows operation of the railway, it is not sufficient to study their safety and availability by considering only the failures and delays. The safety and availability are evaluated, handling both repairs and replacements by using a Markov model. The model is validated with a case study of Swedish railway signalling systems with different scenarios. The results obtained show that the probability of being in a state where operation is possible in a degraded mode is greater than the probability of not being operative at all, which reduces delays but requires other risk mitigation measures to ensure safe operation.
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