Abstract
Sabatier, Bosch, Advanced Carbon-formation Reactor System (ACRS), and carbon dioxide electrolysis have long been considered to perform carbon dioxide reduction on long space missions, but they have been developed to different levels of maturity. This report compares their safety using Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA), which is relatively simple and is appropriate for initial comparative assessment of technologies at different levels of maturity. A PHA process is developed for space life support. The process is applied to the technologies, and the hazards identified and assessed. Important hazards are explosion, fire, and toxic gases. Sabatier was found least hazardous, Bosch next, carbon dioxide electrolysis more hazardous, and ACRS most hazardous, since it combines Sabatier with a very high temperature Carbon Formation Reactor (CFR).
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