Abstract
Bentazon, applied as a tankmix, has been shown to have the potential for reducing the injury from some POST herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON and in 2009 at Ridgetown, ON to determine if the addition of bentazon reduces the injury from cloransulam-methyl or halosulfuron-methyl applied POST in black, cranberry, kidney and white beans. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl reduced the level of injury 0 to 6% at 17.5 g·ai·ha–1 and 0 to 9% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 in dry bean. Bentazon added to halosulfuron-methyl reduced the level of injury as much as 4% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 and 6% at the 70 g·ai·ha–1. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased plant height as much as 3 cm. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on the height of various market classes of dry bean. Bentazon added to cloran-sulam-methyl generally has no effect on seed moisture content in black and white bean but decreased seed moisture content of cranberry and kidney bean as much as 4%. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl caused no effect on seed moisture content of dry bean. Cloransulam-methyl caused a 7% to 18% reduction in dry bean yield compared to halosulfuron-methyl and 12% to 21% reduction in yield compared to bentazon. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased dry bean yield by 0.16 and 0.31 t·ha–1 at Exeter (2009) and Ridgetown (2009) respectively. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on dry bean yield.
Highlights
Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production is important to the economy in Ontario
Dry bean growers are constantly looking for herbicide options with a new mode of action that have an adequate margin of crop safety and provide consistent control of troublesome weeds in various market classes of dry beans
Cloransulam-methyl is a triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide herbicide that controls several broadleaf weeds that occur in Ontario such as A. theophrasti, Xanthium strumarium L. and A. artemisiifolia [3]
Summary
Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production is important to the economy in Ontario. Weed control is one of the most critical production concerns as dry bean has short stature and is a poor competitor against weeds. Cloransulam-methyl is a triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide herbicide that controls several broadleaf weeds that occur in Ontario such as A. theophrasti, Xanthium strumarium L. (common cocklebur) and A. artemisiifolia [3]. Cloransulam-methyl inhibits acetolactate synthase (ALS), an important enzyme responsible for the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids isoleucine, leucine and valine in plants [3]. Cloransulam-methyl can be applied preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) in bean [3]. Injury symptoms from cloransulam-methyl POST in susceptible weeds include growing point inhibition, chlorosis followed by necrosis, stunting, and complete death within 3 - 10 days [3]. Cloransulam-methyl is active at low doses, possesses low mammalian toxicity and is relatively soil immobile so it has little potential to contaminate groundwater and the environment [3]
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