Safeguarding strategies and current HIV treatment in the UK

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to illuminate contemporary strategies and treatment approaches employed in the United Kingdom (UK) to safeguard against Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmission and enhance the well-being of those grappling with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the nation's ongoing efforts in managing the impact of HIV on public health. Material and Methods: Research, reports, guidelines, and official websites from 2005 to 2024 were searched from the Pubmed database and Bournemouth University's database. English resources were searched using keywords related to HIV risk measures, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Results: HIV prevention efforts in the UK emphasize education, widespread testing, and targeted interventions. Strategies include promoting safe sex practices, regular testing, and condom use. HIV testing, PrEP, PEP and ART play crucial roles in prevention and treatment, with initiatives focusing on high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender individuals. Challenges include regional variations, financial constraints, and social stigma. Conclusions: A holistic and adaptable approach is essential in HIV prevention and treatment in the UK. Education, widespread testing, and tailored interventions for diverse populations are key components. Challenges such as financial constraints and social stigma require sustained efforts and global collaboration. Advancements in PrEP, PEP, and ART offer promising avenues for mitigating the impact of HIV, emphasizing the importance of accessibility and adherence.