Safe Practice Recommendations for the Use of Copy-Forward with Nursing Flow Sheets in Hospital Settings

Abstract

In early 2016 the Partnership for Health IT Patient Safety released safe practice recommendations for the use of copy-paste for electronic health record (EHR) documentation. These recommendations do not directly address nurses' use of copy-forward to document patient assessments in flow sheet software in hospital settings. Similar to clinicians' use of copy-paste and copy-forward with progress notes, concerns exist about patient safety issues from the use of potential inaccurate or outdated information to achieve increased efficiency of documentation. A multiple-methods approach-which included a literature review, litigation search, stakeholder analysis, and consensus opinion from experts from multiple disciplines-was employed. Four recommendations correspond closely with copy-paste guidance for EHR documentation from the Partnership: (1) Provide a mechanism to make copied-forward content easily identifiable, (2) Ensure that the provenance of copied-forward content is readily available, (3) Ensure adequate staff training and education regarding the appropriate and safe use of copy-forward in flow sheet software, if available, and (4) Ensure that copy-forward practices are regularly monitored, measured, and assessed. A fifth additional recommendation is made to improve the efficiency of data entry mechanisms, which may reduce patient safety risk. Emerging promising areas for innovation are to optimize interface usability and flow sheet content, use templates, use digital photographs, and eliminate work-flow steps with better methods for authentication and data entry. A thoughtful and measured approach to safe use of copy-forward in flow sheets by nurses in hospital settings is expected to result in improvements in efficiency of documentation, work flow, and accuracy of information.