Abstract
Resumo O presente estudo buscou identificar as percepções dos profissionais de uma escola sobre o sofrimento psíquico apresentado por alguns estudantes e sobre as estratégias utilizadas para o enfrentamento dessa problemática. Participaram 18 profissionais de uma escola pública de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, com os quais foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Observou-se, na percepção dos participantes, que a problemática relacionada à saúde mental nas crianças é expressa por meio de agressividade e agitação excessivas, isolamento, desatenção e dificuldade no cumprimento de combinados e que envolve fatores do contexto familiar, escolar e socioculturais presentes no cotidiano das crianças. Os resultados obtidos sinalizam a importância de ações intersetoriais de promoção à saúde mental infantil que possam abarcar os diferentes atores e os serviços direcionados a essa população.
Highlights
IntroductionThe results of epidemiological investigations indicate that between 10% and 25% of children and adolescents in Brazil and in the world eventually experience psychological distress
The results of epidemiological investigations indicate that between 10% and 25% of children and adolescents in Brazil and in the world eventually experience psychological distress. This data is relevant because this is a condition which entails losses in the development and the lives of the afflicted children and of the people living with them (Fatori, Brentani, Grisi, Miguel, & Graeff-Martins, 2016; Paula, Miranda, & Bordin, 2010). In this e-ISSN 1980-6248 sense, studies have shown that children and adolescents experiencing psychological distress have a higher chance of presenting difficulties in the school context, which indicates that academic performance is closely connected to the socioemotional state of the child (DAbreu & Marturano, 2010; DÁvila-Bacarji, Marturano, & Elias, 2005; Fleitlich & Goodman, 2000)
Considering what has been discussed so far, the present study proposed to give voice to school professional, seeking both to identify their perception of child mental health and of the factors involved in this condition, and to recognize the strategies used by these professionals when dealing with the difficulties related to the mental health of school-age children
Summary
The results of epidemiological investigations indicate that between 10% and 25% of children and adolescents in Brazil and in the world eventually experience psychological distress This data is relevant because this is a condition which entails losses in the development and the lives of the afflicted children and of the people living with them (Fatori, Brentani, Grisi, Miguel, & Graeff-Martins, 2016; Paula, Miranda, & Bordin, 2010). Rutter, Kim-Cohen, and Maughan (2006), important theorists in the field of risk factors and protection related to child mental health, indicate the existence of a continuity between psychological distress in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, pointing out that most people diagnosed only as adults already presented early symptoms This reinforces and justifies the relevance of the epidemiological investigations and interventions aimed at the identification of psychological distress in children, considering that it causes lasting distress in the lives of the individuals and of the other actors in the implicated contexts — family, school, community
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