Abstract
Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is an established treatment option for several urologic conditions, and its use continues to grow. Indications and applications for SNM are expanding as our understanding of its mechanism of action improves, and our experience develops. Current urologic applications include overactive bladder (OAB), non-obstructive urinary retention, and pelvic pain disorders. SNM has become an established therapeutic modality for non-obstructive urinary retention, while SNM for pelvic pain disorders has found a place in accepted treatment guidelines. This review provides an update on SNM and focuses on developments in SNM relating to the less-studied applications of non-obstructive urinary retention and painful bladder syndrome.
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