Abstract
Abstract Probiotics are organisms which belong to the fungi or bacteria groups and affect e.g., bacterial flora in the intestinum or inflammation site by reduction of the condition. They are applied in many cases, such as food allergies, diarrhea, autoimmunologic disorders, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) that affects 10% of the world population. Due to the lack of proper pharmacological treatment which would result in complete remission, probiotic preparations which lead to a reduction of the symptoms are one of the most often used drugs. Among them, Saccharomycces cerevisiae var. boulardii has a high efficacy of IBS treatment. There are three main mechanisms of action of this probiotic: antimicrobial activity (direct or anti-toxin), trophic activity, and anti-inflammatory activity. 1. Introduction. 2. Irritable bowel syndrome. 3. History. 4. Morphology. 5. Mechanism of action. 5.1. Luminal action. 5.2. Trophic action. 5.3. Anti-inflammatory action. 6. Taxonomy. 7. Probiotics. 8. Summary
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