Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a probiotic agent and a possible aflatoxin B1 adsorbent in simulated fish intestinal tract conditions

R.E.E Pinheiro,C.M Pereyra,L.R Cavaglieri,A.M.D Rodrigues,A.M Torres,J.T.O Santos,C.E Lima,J.B Lopes,M.C.S Muratori

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-11280

R.E.E Pinheiro, C.M Pereyra + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11280

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the probiotic potential and absorption of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the aflatoxin B1 in simulated fish intestinal tract conditions. Three yeast strains were used, two from brewery: S. cerevisiae RC1 and S. cerevisiae RC3 and one from a fish farming environment: S. cerevisiae A8L2. The selected yeasts were subjected to the following in vitro tests: homologous inhibition, self-aggregation, co-aggregation, antibacterial activity, gastrointestinal conditions tolerance and adsorption of AFB1. All S. cerevisiae strains showed good capability of self-aggregation and co-aggregation with pathogenic bacteria. All yeast strains were able to survive the gastrointestinal conditions. In acidic conditions, the factors (strain vs. time) had interaction (P=0.0317), resulting in significant variation among the strains tested in the time periods analyzed. It was observed that there was also interaction (P=0.0062) in intestinal conditions, with an increased number of cells in the 12-hour period for all strains tested. In the adsorption test, the A8L2 strain was statistically more effective (P<0.005) for both AFB1 concentrations evaluated in this study (10 and 25ng/mL). Thus, it was observed that the strains of S. cerevisiae have potential probiotic and adsorbent of AFB1.

Highlights

Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites of importance in fishery activities, since their presence has significant negative economic impacts and may cause serious health problems for aquatic species
Probiotic strains formed by Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), microorganisms are classified as safe and are one of the most important current biotechnology tools, increasingly becoming a valid alternative in mycotoxin decontamination
The viability assays were performed in artificially gastrointestinal conditions simulating pH and food transit time conditions in fish known as tambaquis

Summary

Introduction

Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites of importance in fishery activities, since their presence has significant negative economic impacts and may cause serious health problems for aquatic species. Mycotoxin contamination in aquatic species occurs mainly by ingestion of contaminated feed, as increase in vegetable use in feedstuffs has increasingly caused the presence of these toxic substances in these products (Calvet et al, 2015). Due to the great importance of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in animal production and its carcinogenic and hepatotoxic potential, the search for adsorbents able to capture these toxins in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce the harmful effects of mycotoxicosis on animal health has increased (Richard and Payne, 2003). Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB) have been used in functional foods, probiotics, as well as potential microorganisms for mycotoxin decontamination, due to their AFB1 binding capability (Pereyra et al, 2015; Armando et al, 2011; Pizzolitto et al, 2012)

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