Abstract
BackgroundDespite recent advances, there is still a major need for prediction of treatment success in schizophrenia. Cortical thickness measures are relatively easy to obtain and may provide biomarker candidates. Here, we tested a set of candidate brain regions as predictors of treatment response in first episode schizophrenia and in two independent schizophrenia cohorts. Regions included the precuneus, inferior parietal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, anterior cingulate, inferior frontal gyrus, insula, lateral and medial orbitofrontal cortex, and occipital cortex.MethodsIn the discovery cohort, we used the whole sample of patients to estimate individual response slopes using Empirical Bayes, 36 of which had cortical thickness measurements at baseline. Patients were scanned aprior to treatment with either risperidone or aripiprazole. Symptoms were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale at baseline and over the course of up to 52 weeks. Cortical thickness in regions of interest were examined via magnetic resonance imaging and used as predictors of individual treatment response, defined as individual response slope.ResultsParahippocampal thickness at baseline predicted the individual response to treatment (P < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected). This was replicated in two independent schizophrenia cohorts including a recent onset cohort (N = 33) and a sample of chronic schizophrenia patients (N = 52), respectively. The overall effect was quantified with an internal meta-analysis (β = 0.4, 95% CI [0.24; 0.56]; z = 4.84, P < 0.001).DiscussionParahippocampal thickness may be a promising marker of treatment success both at the early and the chronic stage of schizophrenia.
Highlights
The ZNF804A gene and cannabis use are risk factors for psychosis, both of which have been associated with schizotypic traits
This study aims to investigate whether auditory P300 predict prognosis in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) during 1-year of follow-up period
Total and lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels are reduced in FEP, findings which persist in BMI-matched sensitivity analyses
Summary
Despite an increasing research and clinical focus on transdiagnostic approaches to mental health, it remains unclear whether different diagnostic categories share a common neuronatomical basis. The current investigation sought to investigate whether a shared (trans-diagnostic) set of structural alterations characterized schizophrenia, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder, and determine whether any such alterations reflected markers of psychiatric illness or pre-existing familial vulnerability. Results: We report that the four psychiatric groups were all characterized by significantly greater gray matter volume in the bilateral putamen relative to healthy controls (right putamen: x=32 y=6 z=-2; z-score: 5.97; p-value
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
