S18-2. Advancement of research in event related potentials (ERP): Brain functional evaluation in children with developmental disorders

Abstract

ERP is the measured brain response with electroencephalography that is direct result of a specific event. First cognitive components were discovered in the 1960s, and currently ERP is one of the most widely used methods in cognitive neuroscience research. The studies of ERP for pediatrics make advance with developmental disorders. It is possible for ERP to stimulate with suitable tasks for each disorder. Patients with ADHD have problems with executive functions, especially inhibitory function. NoGo potentials indicate inhibitory function. In ADHD children, the latency of NoGo potentials was prolonged. The patients of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have problems with sociality, communication and sympathies. The face related potentials were abnormal for ASD children, and they had different response during the pain stimulation against other people. Dyslexic patients have problems of phonological processing. The mismatch negativity during phonologic task was decreased in dyslexic children. N400 is elicited in a sentence reading task with semantically appropriate words, and auditory N400 was decreased in dyslexic children. Thus, ERP may be one of useful methods as diagnostic biomarker. Recently, simultaneous method with fMRI or fNIRS, and the combination of analysis with LORETA and DCM are reported, further development with research of ERP will be favorable.