Abstract
Problem statement: Aluminum (Al) is a trivalent cation found in its ionic form in most kinds of animal tissues and in natural waters everywhere. Approach: It is a potent neurotoxin and has been associated in the pathogenesis of several clinical disorders including Alzheimer’s disease. Results: The aim of the study was to demonstrate the protective effect of S-Allyl-Cysteines (SAC) against Al-induced toxicity in rat model on certain biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress enzymes of white albino rats. Six rats per group were divided into various treatment groups. Group one rats were given normal saline and served as control group. Group two animals received Al as aluminum nitrate 32.5 mg (i.p.) for the induction of toxicity. Group three to five received different doses of SAC (25, 50 and 100 mg kg-1) for 3 days after 24 h of Al toxicity. Rats were orally administered their respective doses every day for 3 days. Evaluations were made in blood and tissues. The activity of Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) was inhibited in all the parts of brain after Al intoxication. Significant rise were observed the Activities of Serum Transaminases (AST and ALT) after toxicant exposure. The activity of δ-Aminolevulinic acid Dehydratase (ALAD) in blood and δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Synthetase (ALAS) in brain was decreased after Al exposure. Al significant increased cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine and urea level in serum. TBARS level was significantly higher and GSH content were significantly lower during toxicity. Total and esterified cholesterol in liver, kidney and brain were increased after Al exposure. Histopathological changes in liver, kidney and brain were also recouped with the therapy. Conclusion/Recommendations: Our data proved that SAC which is a bioactive and bioavailable component of garlic has organosulfur compounds which regulates the thiol status of the cell and scavenges free radicals and work as an antioxidant. Thus SAC effectively reduces cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage induced by Al.
Highlights
1975), antiarthritic, hypoglycemic (Jain and Vjas, 1975) anticarcinogenic (Hussain et al, 1990), Recent trends in controlling and treating diseases tend to favor natural antioxidant compounds rather than synthetic ones
Aluminum may have a direct effect on iron metabolism; it influences absorption of iron via the intestine, it hinders iron’s transport in the serum and it displaces iron’s binding to transferring (Mostaghie and Skillen, 1986) The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-oxidant potential of S-Allyl-Cysteines (SAC) against aluminium-induced toxicity in rat model by evaluating antioxidant enzymes activities, markers of haem synthesis, acetycholenistrase in brain, LFT’s and KFT’s
The changes were substantiated by Biochemical assays: Blood was collected directly from the heart by puncturing the retro-orbital venosus sinus (Riley, 1960) and serum was isolated for the estimation of AST and ALT (Reitman and Frankel, 1957) and δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) (Berlin and Schaller, 1974)
Summary
1975), antiarthritic, hypoglycemic (Jain and Vjas, 1975) anticarcinogenic (Hussain et al, 1990), Recent trends in controlling and treating diseases tend to favor natural antioxidant compounds rather than synthetic ones. Aluminium (Al) is a ubiquitous element and has been proposed as an environmental factor that may in the basal memory responses, ischemic brain, brain contribute to some neurodegenerative diseases and edema, on learning defects (Nishiyama et al, 2001) and affects several enzymes and other biomolecules neurons against TM-induced neurotoxicity is reported relevant to Alzheimer’s disease. It is present in many (Kosuge et al, 2006). Were dissected out washed in saline and fixed in Bouin’s fluid, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 6μm
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