Abstract
Ryukyua is characterized by a compact and hunched body, head immersed in pleon, large eyes, coxae shorter than pleonites, subequal antennae with separated bases and a short third article of mandibular palp, a maxilliped that is not expanded in gravid females, pereopods gradually increasing in length, pleon narrower than and deeply immersed in pereon, uniform pleopods, and uropods not reaching posterior margin of pleotelson. Ryukyua globosa n. sp. differs from Ryukyua circularis n. comb. (pro Livoneca circularis Pillai) by having a rectangular instead of triangular pleotelson, a lobe of the head between bases of antennae 1, and antennae not reaching the posterior border of the head instead of extending beyond it. Mature females of R. globosa are wider than long; this unusual shape has not been confirmed in R. circularis. Two sardinellas, Amblygaster sirm and Amblygaster leiogaster, are parasitized by R. globosa in Japan and by R. circularis in India and Thailand. The duplex male-female arrangement of female in one gill chamber and male in the other is similar to that of Mothocya bohlkeorum and some other Cymothoidae. The growth from male to female involves increase in the width of the body but not in the total length.
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