Abstract
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) form biofilms and causes severe diseases in humans and pigs. Biofilms are communities of microbes embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Eradicating biofilms with the use of antibiotics or biocides is often ineffective and needs replacement with other potential agents. Compared to conventional agents, promising and potential alternatives are biofilm-inhibiting compounds without impairing growth. Here, we screened a S. suis adhesion inhibitor, rutin, derived from Syringa. Rutin, a kind of flavonoids, shows efficient biofilm inhibition of S. suis without impairing its growth. Capsular polysaccharides(CPS) are reported to be involved in its adherence to influence bacterial biofilm formation. We investigated the effect of rutin on S. suis CPS content and structure. The results showed that rutin was beneficial to improve the CPS content of S. suis without changing its structure. We further provided evidence that rutin specifically affected S. suis biofilm susceptibility by affecting CPS biosynthesis in vitro. The study explores the antibiofilm potential of rutin against S. suis which can be used as an adhesion inhibitor for the prevention of S. suis biofilm-related infections. Nevertheless, rutin could be used as a novel natural inhibitor of biolfilm and its molecular mechanism provide basis for its pharmacological and clinical applications.
Highlights
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major swine pathogen and a zoonotic agent that causes severe invasive diseases in pigs, including meningitis and streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (Gottschalk et al, 2010)
To observe the effect of rutin on biofilm production, the architecture of biofilms formed in the absence or in the presence 1/4 MIC (0.0781 mg/mL) of rutin was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
These results suggested that rutin at 1/4MIC S1–S21 shows the results of cps2A-cps2U sequence alignment
Summary
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major swine pathogen and a zoonotic agent that causes severe invasive diseases in pigs, including meningitis and streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (Gottschalk et al, 2010). What’s more, S. suis is a major public health issue and an emerging zoonotic agent in Southeast and East Asia (Sriskandan and Slater, 2006; Gottschalk et al, 2007). Studies showed that S. suis could cause persistent infections due to its ability of forming biofilms in vivo (Wang Y. et al, 2011). Biofilms are microbial sessile communities characterized by bacterium that are adhered to biotic or abiotic surfaces or to each other, are surrounded by a polymer matrix and exhibit an altered phenotype compared to planktonic cells (Fux et al, 2005). Biofilm cells are known to be 10–1,000
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