Russian

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone multifactorial disease characterized by increased bone fragility due to a decrease in bone mass and microarchitectural spongy and compact bone tissues. The major complications of osteoporosis are fractures of the hip bone and vertebral bodies, the treatment of which is accompanied by significant difficulties and possible complications in the postoperative period because of the poor bone quality. Particularly acute this problem is the use of bone grafts and prostheses – marked osteoporosis can significantly reduce the osseointegration of materials. To improve the biocompatibility of the implants a lot of techniques used in modern medicine sach as modification the geometry and topology of the implant surface and deposition on the surface of biologically active molecules. One of the most studied compounds, which are used to cover the implants and independently as osteoplastic material is hydroxyapatite. The purpose of our study was to investigate changes in the periimplant area of the distal epiphysis of femur after implantation of nanocomposite material based on chitosan and hydroxyapatite. Implantation of chitosan-apatite nanocomposite material into the distal femoral epiphysis with signs of osteoporosis leads to normalization of trabecular structure and mineral saturation in periimplant zone. Given the data, the apatite-chitosan composite can be considered as the applicant for the surface modification of bone implants.