Abstract
The purpose of the article is to analyze the volume, structure and semantics of the motivating bases of Russian and Ukrainian surnames that belong to the residents of Vylkove, Odesa region. The object of the study is surname anthroponyms.The method of linguistic analysis is used in the work, which includes descriptive method and methodof comparative and statistical analysis. The results of the analysis allow us to state that the semantic identity of the structural composition of Russian and Ukrainian surnames differs significantly: Ukrainian surnames are more diverse. The author concludes that in the city of Vylkove, which was founded in the 18th century by Nekrasov Old Believers, joined by the Zaporozhian Cossacks, and which is historically bilingual, Russian surnames predominate, followed by Ukrainian ones. It is specified that Ukrainian and Russian surnames have much in common: most of them are patronymic in the semantics of their motivating bases because they indicate the naming of a son by the name, occupation, origin, physical and mental characteristics of the father. However, Ukrainian surnames use more diverse forms than Russian ones.The surname an throponymy of the city made it possible to observe the geographical factor in its settlement by Ukrainians, mainly from the Naddnipryanshchyna region, Poltava region, Zaporizhzhia region, Volyn region and Western Polissya. In Vylkove there is a significant layer of Ukrainianized Polish surnames, while Russian surnames are quite compact and do not show any special territorial features. It is significant that the vast majority of Russian surnames are traditional, created in the initial period of their formation and to some extent reflect the traditional way of life and worldview of the Old Believers — the founders of this village
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