Abstract
This article investigates new global trends in scientific and technological development and their impact on sustainable socio-economic development of individual countries and the world as a whole. The author shows the importance of implementing emerging technologies that open up new opportunities for the global economic growth by changing its technological basis, giving a competitive advantage to those countries that are leading this change. The article analyses which new approaches to science and technology policy are being adopted in developed and developing countries to maintain high positions in the R&D and emerging technology, and to conquer new markets. Furthermore, the author reveals the risks associated with a serious gap between Russia and the leading countries, which is unlikely to be bridged with the existing raw material export-based development model. Analyzing the state of scientific andtechnological development, advance in the field of new technologies, as well as implemented strategies and programs in this area, the author identifies key areas for improving scientific and technological state policies, which will allow the country to intensify R&D and innovation in this area, strengthen its position in the global hightech markets and create prerequisites for increasing Russia’s competitive advantages in the global technology scene.
Highlights
The author shows the importance of implementing emerging technologies that open up new opportunities for the global economic growth by changing its technological basis, giving a competitive advantage to those countries that are leading this change
The article analyses which new approaches to science and technology policy are being adopted in developed and developing countries to maintain high positions in the R&D and emerging technology, and to conquer new markets
The author reveals the risks associated with a serious gap between Russia and the leading countries, which is unlikely to be bridged with the existing raw material export-based development model
Summary
Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию новых мировых трендов научно-технологического развития и их влияния на обеспечение устойчивого социально-экономического развития отдельных стран и мирового сообщества в целом. В связи с этим в статье анализируются основные новые подходы в научно-технологической политике развитых и развивающихся стран, направленные на сохранение высоких позиций как в сфере НИОКР по перспективным технологиям, так и по освоению новых рынков, которые они формируют. Анализируя состояние научно-технологического потенциала, технологические заделы в сфере новых технологий, реализуемые стратегии и программы в этой области, автор определяет ключевые направления совершенствования государственной научно-технологической политики, которые позволят стране активизировать научно-исследовательскую и инновационную деятельность в этой области, укрепить свои позиции на мировых высокотехнологичных рынках и создать предпосылки для повышения конкурентных преимуществ России в общемировом технологическом процессе. В связи с этим автор ставил перед собой задачу в рамках статьи определить место России в данном процессе, вскрыть недостатки и наиболее узкие места проводимой государственной научно-технологической политики, предложить систему мер по их преодолению
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