RURAL, SUBURBAN AND URBAN DIFFERENCES IN THE SELF-DIAGNOSIS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN THE UNITED STATES

Abstract

This study explores rural, suburban and urban differences in coronary heart disease (CHD) using the 2005 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance Survey conducted in the United States. Although areal context is not often considered in morbidity studies, this study evaluates the importance of place of residence given that areas offer differential access to health infrastructures and different contextual factors that could affect health. Also examined is the role of geographic heterogeneity on the recent racial divergence in CHD in the United States. Results indicate that area of residence is associated with CHD diagnosis, net of health and demographic variables. The area-stratified analysis documents that rural residents are most impacted by exercise and smoking, while being male or above age 50 are most detrimental for suburban residents. In addition, the racial divergence in CHD is driven by differences in rural locales. These findings indicate a disparate impact of geography on CHD and highlight the need for health research to take into account areal context.