Rural Settlements of the Ostyako-Vogul and Yamalo-Nenets National Districts in the 1930s: Location, Density, Economic and Socio-Cultural Development

Abstract

The paper characterizes the location, density (density), economic and socio-cultural development of the network of rural settlements of the Ostyako-Vogul and Yamalo-Nenets national districts according to data for 1935-1936. The subject of the study is the rural settlement network of the named districts, the object is the location, density of the settlement network, its industrial, economic and socio-cultural infrastructure. In the study, statistical data collected by the Omsk Regional Department of National Economic Accounting (OBLUNKHU) were used as the main source Gosplan of the USSR on key indicators of economic and cultural development of the administrative-territorial units of the region, including the districts of North-Western Siberia. The dependence of the density of the settlement network on the natural and climatic zone, the peculiarities of the management of the local population is shown. The territories of sparse and relatively dense settlement within the boundaries of the national districts under consideration are determined, indicators of economic and socio-cultural development of settlements are presented. As results of the study author presents the conclusions about the dispersion of settlement in the polar tundra zone, the presence of territorial concentrations of rural settlements in the forest tundra and taiga zones not around administrative and economic centers, but along important transport arteries, the role of which in the north of Western Siberia was mainly performed by rivers. The predominance of the simplest industrial associations as the most common form of collective farms in the region is noted, positive changes in the development of the socio-cultural infrastructure of rural settlements of the region are recorded.