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Abstract
Based on a comparison of the employment trajectories of two cohorts of men and women in the agricultural sector in Sweden, this article gives an account of the past 50 years’ decline in employment in agriculture. The findings show that the decline of employment in agriculture was the result of fewer entries into the sector and more exits out of the sector. The findings also suggest that the restructuring of the agricultural sector has had greater effects on women than men, with women exiting the sector to a greater degree or never entering it to begin with.
Highlights
Employment in agriculture has declined steadily across the developed world, not least in the Nordic countries, during the post-World War II era
In Sweden, rural areas have been experiencing a gradual depopulation for several decades, which to some extent is related to industrial innovations within agriculture and rural industry in the post-war era (Flygare & Isacson 2003)
Comparing the labour market trajectories and income between two cohorts of agricultural workers, this study presents a detailed account of the changing conditions for men and women working in the agricultural sector
Summary
Employment in agriculture has declined steadily across the developed world, not least in the Nordic countries, during the post-World War II era. In Sweden, rural areas have been experiencing a gradual depopulation for several decades, which to some extent is related to industrial innovations within agriculture and rural industry in the post-war era (Flygare & Isacson 2003). In a Swedish context, this has not necessarily meant a consolidation of farms into what has been termed super-production and a contradiction to multi-functionality; instead, a more small-scale agriculture has become the norm for hyper-production in this context (Almstedt et al 2014). Once the backbone of rural societies, agriculture has become less important for employment in contemporary rural areas in general (Woods 2005; OECD 2006), and in the case discussed here
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