Abstract
A variety of studies have indicated that rural communities have fewer mental health services and professionals than their urban counterparts. This study will examine the shortages of mental health professionals in rural communities as well as the impact of inadequate mental health services access on rural hospitals. A sample frame of 1162 rural hospitals was compiled, and a two-page survey was mailed to each hospital Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Of the 1162 surveys mailed, 228 were returned. The majority of CEOs agreed that there was a shortage of mental health professionals, that referral centers were too distant, and that there were many barriers to care including infrastructure, poverty, and substance abuse. Solutions offered by CEOs included telemedicine and residency training programs. This study shows that many rural areas have great need for more mental health professional recruitment and retention.
Highlights
A variety of studies have indicated that rural communities have fewer mental health services and professionals than their urban counterparts
The current study examined the perceived shortages of mental health (MH) professionals in rural communities as well as the impact of inadequate MH service access on rural hospitals, especially their emergency departments (EDs)
A sample frame of 1162 rural hospitals in the USA was compiled with rurality determined based on United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes[18]
Summary
A variety of studies have indicated that rural communities have fewer mental health services and professionals than their urban counterparts. This study will examine the shortages of mental health professionals in rural communities as well as the impact of inadequate mental health services access on rural hospitals. Methods: A sample frame of 1162 rural hospitals was compiled, and a two-page survey was mailed to each hospital Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The majority of CEOs agreed that there was a shortage of mental health professionals, that referral centers were too distant, and that there were many barriers to care including infrastructure, poverty, and substance abuse. The majority of people who experience a mental illness do not die by suicide; of those who do commit suicide, more than 90% have a diagnosable disorder[4]. As of 2008, suicide was the tenth leading cause of death in the USA6
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