Abstract
The article analyzes the relationships between landscape planning and forests in Italy with a specific focus on Tuscany. For the Tuscan region landscape represents a fundamental value from the cultural, economic, environmental and social point of view. This is why it was the first region of Italy to develop a landscape plan in 2014, according to the National Code for Cultural Heritage, setting up a Landscape Observatory to monitor the application of the plan in 2016. The plan is the main instrument providing a vision for the development model of the region and guidelines for the planning of rural areas also affecting forest management. The construction of the plan has caused an intense debate, due to the strict limitations imposed to soil consumption, to agricultural and forest activities. Forests cover more than the half of the regional surface, but 30% of them is the result of the abandonment of farmed land occurred in the last decades, while 50% of the forests are currently managed. The article examines how the values connected to the forests have been identified an assessed in the plan, the strict limitations for their protection but also the decision to allow the restoration of farmed land to maintain a balance between farmed and forest land in the landscape. Landscape and forest is the topic of the chapter about Italy in the FAO SOFO 2018.
Highlights
Despite its small size, the 72nd smallest country in the world, Italy has a large cultural heritage.More than 3400 historic towns, fine arts, architectural and archeological sites, museums, protected areas, more than 50 UNESCO sites and a variety of diverse landscapes distributed all over the country represent a fundamental asset influencing development strategies favoring several economic activities such as tourism
The objective of this paper is provide a review of how rural landscape and sustainable forest management are taken into consideration in official territorial planning in Tuscany (Italy) within the Italian context
In 2009, a national scientific research program promoted by MIPAAF involving universities and institutions identified 123 areas characterized by significant historical rural landscapes associated to forests, pastures and farmed land and traditional production practices
Summary
The 72nd smallest country in the world, Italy has a large cultural heritage. The objective of this paper is provide a review of how rural landscape and sustainable forest management are taken into consideration in official territorial planning in Tuscany (Italy) within the Italian context. Represent a case of a country where the quality of the landscape has played a fundamental role in the definition of cultural identity [7], and for socio-economic development, especially in rural areas. This is why the State of the Forest of the World 2018, produced by FAO, has included a chapter about forest and landscape planning in Italy
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