Abstract
BackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia represents the highest percentage of all adult acute leukemia variants. Runt-related transcription factor1 (RUNX1), a transcription factor with a known tumor suppressor function, was recently reported as a tumor promoter in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We investigated the role of RUNX1 gene expression level in Egyptian AML patients and delineated its clinical significance.ResultsWe measured RUNX1 gene expression level using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and found that the RUNX1 gene expression level was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001). Patients with FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutations had a higher expression level of RUNX1 (p = 0.023). The male patients expressed a significantly higher level of RUNX1 (p = 0.046).ConclusionsThe RUNX1 gene is highly expressed in Egyptian AML patients. It has a relation to FLT3-ITD, which may give a clue that patients carrying this mutation may benefit from new treatments that target RUNX1 in the future. Further studies on a larger number of patients with different ethnic groups may give a clearer vision of the therapeutic implications of a new molecular target.
Highlights
Acute myeloid leukemia represents the highest percentage of all adult acute leukemia variants
Our study aims to evaluate the results of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) gene expression and elaborate its clinical significance in an Egyptian cohort of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), giving special attention to FLT-ITD positive patients
RUNX1 expression is significantly higher in AML cases RUNX1 gene expression was measured in BM samples of de novo AML patients and 14 control subjects of the same age and sex
Summary
Acute myeloid leukemia represents the highest percentage of all adult acute leukemia variants. Runtrelated transcription factor (RUNX1), a transcription factor with a known tumor suppressor function, was recently reported as a tumor promoter in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We investigated the role of RUNX1 gene expression level in Egyptian AML patients and delineated its clinical significance. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive study investigating the incidence rate of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the country of Egypt. Three to four new AML cases are reported per 100, 000 individuals. The prognosis of AML is highly variable despite intensive research for new markers and therapies [1]. Relapse is the most frequent cause of therapeutic failure [2, 3]. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells cause aberrant proliferation and block differentiation (HSPCs), leading Less than 50% of patients have a 5-year overall survival rate (OS), and only 20% of the elderly survive 2 years [1].
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