Abstract
Abstract. A tsunami caused by a flank collapse of the southwest part of the Anak Krakatau volcano occurred on 22 December 2018. The tsunami affected the coastal areas located at the edge of the Sunda Strait, Indonesia. To gain an understanding of the tsunami event, field surveys were conducted a month after the incident. The surveys included measurements of run-up height, inundation distance, tsunami direction, and sediment characteristics at 20 selected sites. The survey results revealed that the run-up height reached 9.2 m in Tanjungjaya and an inundation distance of 286.8 m was found at Cagar Alam, part of Ujung Kulon National Park. The tsunami propagated radially from Anak Krakatau and reached the coastal zone with a direction between 25 and 350∘ from the north. Sediment samples were collected at 27 points in tsunami deposits with a sediment thickness of 1.5–12.7 cm. The average distance from the coast of the area with significant sediment deposits and the deposit limit are 45 % and 73 % of the inundation distance, respectively. Sand sheets were sporadic, highly variable, and highly influenced by topography. Grain sizes in the deposit area were finer than those at their sources. The sizes ranged from fine sand to boulders, with medium sand and coarse sand being dominant. All sediment samples had a well-sorted distribution. An assessment of the boulder movements indicates that the tsunami run-up had minimum velocities of 4.0–4.5 m s−1.
Highlights
A tsunami took place in the Sunda Strait on 22 December 2018, at 22:00 western Indonesia time (UTC+7)
We selected 20 sites on Java and Sumatra to observe the impact of the December 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami, which was caused by a mass movement of an Anak Krakatau volcano flank
Sediment samples were taken from 27 points in tsunami deposits with a sediment thickness of 1.5–12 cm
Summary
A tsunami took place in the Sunda Strait on 22 December 2018, at 22:00 western Indonesia time (UTC+7). The source of the tsunami was the Anak Krakatau volcano, a sea mountain in the middle of the Sunda Strait. Widiyanto et al.: Run-up, inundation, and sediment characteristics of the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami ber 2018 This very active volcano was the source of the tsunami discussed in the present study. The generation of the tsunami that occurred on 22 December 2018 in the Sunda Strait was triggered by the collapse of a flank in the southwest part of the Anak Krakatau volcano. The numerical modeling of the December 2018 Anak Krakatau tsunami was performed by Heidarzadeh et al (2020), while Muhari et al (2019) conducted field surveys of this event to record tsunami run-up along the coasts of the Sunda Strait. We identified flow directions and sediment deposits caused by the tsunami
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