Abstract
Laboratory experiments of runoff production in shallow soils were conducted on plots consisting of a bedrock layer, an intermediate soil layer, and a crushed stone cover layer. Artificial rainfall was supplied in varying amounts and time sequences; and surface runoff, soil layer interflow, and throughflow were measured. The purpose of the experiments was to investigate infiltration mechanisms in shallow soils and to characterize the effect of stone cover on the partitioning of rainfall at the soil surface. Two soil types were used: (1) A sandy loam; and (2) a silty clay loam. In the case of the sandy loam, the results showed that the majority of rainfall infiltrated readily into the soil, where it subsequently moved downward to the bedrock as throughflow. Strong throughflow response was attributed to preferential flow through large soil pores. Because these macropores formed naturally during the experiments, this work serves as a plot-scale demonstration of the role of rainfall as a factor of change of so...
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