Rumination in Response to a Social Interaction: Psychometric Properties of the Socially Anxious Rumination Questionnaire (SARQ) in Social Anxiety Disorder

Abstract

Increased negative rumination is a cognitive process understood to maintain social anxiety disorder (SAD). The Socially Anxious Rumination Questionnaire (SARQ) is a measure with two parallel versions that reflect pre-event rumination (i.e., SARQ-pre) and post-event rumination (i.e., SARQ-post). Given that anxiety in SAD can pertain to both performative and interactional situations, evaluation of questionnaires in these different contexts is important for determining how pre-event and post-event rumination may vary according to the type of situation. The current study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the SARQ in relation to a conversation task. The study also aimed to determine whether pre-event and post-event rumination levels vary following different social tasks. All participants had a principal diagnosis of SAD. Participants completed the SARQ-pre (n = 134) and SARQ-post (n = 124) in relation to a 5-minute conversation and a 3-minute speech in counterbalanced order. Confirmatory factor analyses endorsed a unidimensional interpretation for the SARQ-pre and SARQ-post in relation to a conversation. The SARQ-pre and SARQ-post also demonstrated good construct validity, excellent internal consistency, and treatment sensitivity following cognitive behavioral therapy. The SARQ-pre scores were significantly higher in anticipation of a speech when compared to scores on an upcoming conversation. The SARQ-post scores were significantly elevated one-week following a conversation, in comparison to the scores collected regarding a speech. The SARQ has good psychometric properties and is a valid and reliable instrument to use as a measure of pre-event and post-event rumination in relation to a conversation.