Rules and Tools of Succession in the Gulf Monarchies

Abstract

This article surveys recent events and literature on succession in the six Arab Gulf monarchies, synthesizing the varied country experiences into a new thematic interpretation. It argues that succession rules are increasingly being enshrined in textual — if not constitutional — institutional architectures. The rationalization of succession mechanisms speaks to the growing institutionalization of monarchical rule. There is also a growing influence, but not dominance, of primogeniture in the Gulf monarchies. These constitutions and basic laws also generally allow for a greater institutionalization of succession practices through family councils. Finally, while the tools of consolation prizes for members of the ruling families left out of the succession are growing, they may have potential for diluting the dynastic control over the state too much. The changing norms of succession in the Gulf are responses to the ruling families' solidification of power. While the institutionalization of succession norms may not necessarily lead to stability, it does change the dynamics of intra-family contention in the Gulf.