Abstract

Many studies reported considerable adsorption capacities of agriculture waste based adsorbents to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions in the past decade. In this study, raw wastewater from a local rubber product manufacturing factory and commercially produced granular palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) were used to evaluate adsorption of zinc. Parameters such as particle size, PSAC dose, suspended solids content and temperature were studied. The highest removal of zinc (96%) from raw wastewater was achieved for 0.25–0.5 mm PSAC, at 200 rpm, 10 g PSAC/L, 150 min duration, 70 °C and pH 7-8. Elevated temperature significantly improved zinc removal. Addition of PSAC into wastewater increased pH and resulted in greater adsorption of zinc. The results showed that successful commercialisation of zinc adsorption stage into current rubber industry wastewater treatment system is feasible to improve wastewater treatment efficiency and minimise solid waste disposal.

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