Abstract
A highly sensitive sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor was proposed for the quantitative determination of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) using gold nanoparticles decorated black carbon intercalated reduced graphene oxide (Au-rGO@CB) as sensing platform and nanoporous silver (NPS) loaded Ru(bpy)32+ as labels. In this work, intercalation of CB inhibited the accumulation of rGO and Au-rGO@CB was firstly used to immobilize primary antibody (Ab1) in ECL system. NPS prepared by the dealloying of binary alloy has high pore volume and surface areas, which was used to load amount of secondary antibodies (Ab2) and Ru(bpy)32+, which could greatly enhance the ECL intensity. Under optimal conditions, the designed immunosensor exhibited wider linear range from 0.0001 to 30 ng/mL with a relative lower detection limit of 33 fg/mL for AFP detection. Overall, the designed immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity, good repeatability and stability. This proposed method provided a potential application for clinical monitoring of AFP.
Highlights
Advantages of various methods, such as easy operation, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, low background signals and low-cost[14], has attracted tremendous interests
A serious problem for the fabrication of graphene-based sensor is the aggregation of graphene sheets (GNSs) which is brought by the π -π interaction; it will leading to the significant loss of effective surface area and the poor ECL behavior[22]
The absorption peak of pure Au NPs was at approximately 519 nm and there is no obvious absorption peak observed from rGO@carbon black (CB)
Summary
Advantages of various methods, such as easy operation, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, low background signals and low-cost[14], has attracted tremendous interests. In order to demonstrate the improved performance of Au-rGO@CB for the signal amplification in the designed immunosensor, control assays for the detection of 10 ng/ mL of AFP (Fig. 4A) were carried out by using different sensing platforms, including CB (curve a), rGO (curve b), rGO@CB (curve c), Au-CB(curve d), Au-rGO (curve e) and Au-rGO@CB (curve f).
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